Chapter 3 Heatmap Annotations | ComplexHeatmap Complete Reference In this case, the block annotation is more like a color block which identifies groups when the rows or columns of the heatmap are split. Heatmap( matrix ( rnorm (100), 10), name = "mat", top_annotation = HeatmapAnnotation(foo = anno_block(gp = gpar(fill = 2:4))), column_km = 3) Labels can be added to each block.